2024 年第 2 期 第 19 卷

PDCA循环法在新生儿重症监护病房气管插管教学培训中的应用

Application of PDCA circulation method in teaching and training of tracheal intubation in neonatal intensive care unit

作者：杨子馨何雯雯姜敏

英文作者：Yang Zixin He Wenwen Jiang Min

单位：国家儿童医学中心首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院新生儿中心，北京100045

英文单位：Neonate Center National Center for Children′s Health Beijing Children′s Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100045 China

关键词：PDCA循环法；新生儿；气管插管；教学培训

英文关键词：PDCAcirculationmethod;Neonate;Trachealintubation;Teachingandtraining

• 摘要：

• 目的  探讨PDCA循环法在新生儿重症监护病房气管插管教学培训中的应用效果。方法  选取2020年9月至2021年8月首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院新生儿中心由住院医师完成的气管插管术75例次为对照组，2021年9月至2022年8月引入PDCA教学法后，住院医师完成的气管插管术78例次为观察组。对比2组气管插管术成功/失败例次（率）、完成时间、局部损伤出血例次（率）、因局部气道损伤拔管失败例次（率）、住院医师学习满意度等指标。结果  观察组气管插管术成功率、住院医师学习满意度高于对照组，完成时间短于对照组［85.9%（67/78）比68.0%（51/75）、88.5%（69/78）比70.7%（53/75）、17（16，19）s比21（20，22）s］，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.01）。观察组局部损伤出血率及拔管失败率低于对照组，但差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。结论  PDCA循环法能够提高住院医师的气管插管术操作水平。

• Objective  To explore the application effect of PDCA circulation method in teaching and training of tracheal intubation in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods  Totally 75 cases of tracheal intubation performed by residents at the Neonate Center, Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University from September 2020 to August 2021 were selected as the control group. After the introduction of PDCA teaching method from September 2021 to August 2022, 78 cases of tracheal intubation performed by residents were selected as the observation group. The success/failure rate of tracheal intubation, completion time, local injury and bleeding rate, failure rate of extubation due to local airway injury, and resident satisfaction with learning were compared between two groups. Results  The success rate of tracheal intubation surgery and resident satisfaction with learning in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the completion time was shorter than that in the control group［85.9%(67/78) vs 68.0%(51/75), 88.5%(69/78) vs 70.7%(53/75), 17(16,19)s vs 21(20,22)s］(all P<0.01). The local injury bleeding rate and extubation failure rate in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, but the differences were not statistically significant(both P>0.05). Conclusion  PDCA circulation method can improve resident physicians′ level of tracheal intubation operation.