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国家卫生健康委员会
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单位:010010呼和浩特,内蒙古自治区人民医院检验科(赵建平);010050呼和浩特,内蒙古医科大学附属医院感染科(张叶毛),消化科(武芳),药剂科(周秀岚)
关键词:耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌;耐药性;趋势分析;院内感染
英文关键词:
目的 通过对2011—2016年耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的分离及耐药率变化趋势进行分析,指导临床合理用药,降低院内感染率。方法 回顾性分析2011年1月至2016年12月内蒙古自治区人民医院分离出的516株MRSA的标本来源、病区分布及分离率的变化趋势和耐药率的变化趋势;对比分析516株MRSA 和811株甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)的耐药性。结果 MRSA的主要标本来源为痰液(49.8%,257/516)、分泌物(18.0%,93/516)、血液(11.4%,59/516)和脓汁(9.1%,47/516);主要病区来源为重症监护病房(22.3%,115/516)、干部保健病房(13.4%,69/516)和神经内科(13.0%,67/516)。2011—2016年MRSA的分离率分别为59.9%(103/172)、54.5%(85/156)、35.8%(67/187)、31.1%(71/228)、40.7%(116/285)和24.7%(74/299),平均分离率为38.9%(516/1327),总体呈下降趋势。MRSA对苯唑西林、庆大霉素、利福平、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、莫西沙星、克林霉素和四环素的耐药率明显高于MSSA,且对复方新诺明的耐药率明显低于MSSA,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。2011—2016年间,MRSA对庆大霉素、利福平、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、莫西沙星、克林霉素、四环素、红霉素的耐药率总体呈下降趋势。结论 2011—2016年内蒙古自治区人民医院MRSA的检出率及对部分抗菌药物的耐药率有下降趋势。
【Abstract】Objective To analyze the trends in detection and drug resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) from 2011 to 2016. Methods From January 2011 to December 2016, 516 strains of MRSA were isolated in Inner Mongolia People′s Hospital; the source, ward distribution, detection rate and drug resistance rate were reviewed; the differences of drug resistance rate between MRSA and methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus(MSSA) were analyzed. Results Main specimen sources of MRSA were sputum(49.8%, 257/516), secretion(18.0%, 93/516), blood(11.4%, 59/516) and pus(9.1%, 47/516). Main ward sources of MRSA were Intensive Care Unit(22.3%, 115/516), Cadre Health Ward(13.4%, 69/516) and Department of Neurology(13.0%, 67/516). Detection rates of MRSA from 2011 to 2016 were 59.9%(103/172), 54.5%(85/156), 35.8%(67/187), 31.1%(71/228), 40.7%(116/285) and 24.7%(74/299), respectively; the mean detection rate was 38.9%(516/1327). Resistance rates of MRSA to oxacillin, gentamicin, rifampicin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, clindamycin and tetracycline were significantly higher than those of MSSA; resistance rate of MRSA to cotrimoxazole was significantly lower than that of MSSA(all P<0.05). There was a downward trend of resistance rates of MRSA to gentamicin, rifampicin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, clindamycin, tetracycline and erythromycin. Conclusion There are downward trends of detection rate and resistance rates to some antibacterial drugs of MRSA in Inner Mongolia People′s Hospital.
【Key words】Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus;Drug resistance;Trend analysis;Nosocomial infection
【Fund program】Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(201502107); Fund of Inner Mongolia People′s Hospital(201417)
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