2024 年第 9 期 第 0 卷

自噬在泌尿系常见肿瘤中的研究进展

Research progress of autophagy in common tumors of the urinary tract

作者：向阳1文周2杨萌3袁东波1吕涵4陈宗裕4朱建国1,2

英文作者：Xiang Yang1 Wen Zhou2 Yang Meng3 Yuan Dongbo1 Lyu Han4 Chen Zongyu4 Zhu Jianguo12

单位：1贵州省人民医院泌尿外科，贵阳550000；2遵义医科大学，遵义563000；3上海儿童医学中心贵州医院小儿外科，贵阳550002；4贵州医科大学，贵阳550000

英文单位：1Department of Urology Guizhou Provincial People′s Hospital Guiyang 550000 China; 2Zunyi Medical University Zunyi 563000 China; 3Pediatric Surgery Guizhou Branch of Shanghai Children′s Medical Center Guiyang 550002 China; 4Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550000 China

关键词：泌尿系肿瘤；自噬；耐药性；前列腺癌；肾癌；膀胱癌

英文关键词：Urologictumors;Autophagy;Drugresistance;Prostatecancer;Kidneycancer;Bladdercancer

• 摘要：

• 自噬可以通过吞噬并降解细胞内的蛋白、细胞器以及其他胞质成分，实现细胞器的更新和满足自身的代谢需要。生理情况下，自噬有利于维持细胞的稳态，而自噬紊乱是多种泌尿系肿瘤发生发展的关键机制。自噬在肿瘤形成的早期作为其抑制因素，而晚期为癌细胞提供营养物质促进生长。目前大量研究表明，细胞自噬在泌尿系肿瘤的发生发展中发挥重要作用，同时自噬对肿瘤治疗有细胞保护性和细胞毒性的双重影响，因此通过调控自噬能提高其治愈率，为泌尿系肿瘤提供新的治疗方向。本文主要总结了自噬的发生机制以及对泌尿系肿瘤发生发展的作用和潜在的治疗价值，致力于将自噬调节和现有的泌尿系肿瘤治疗方式结合有助于增加抗肿瘤治疗效果。

• Autophagy can renew organelles and meet its own metabolic needs by engulfing and degrading intracellular proteins, organelles, and other cytoplasmic components. Under physiological conditions, autophagy is beneficial for maintaining cellular homeostasis, whereas autophagy disorders are a key mechanism in the development of a variety of urological tumors. Autophagy acts as an inhibitory factor for tumors in the early stage of tumor formation, while it provides nutrients for cancer cells to promote growth in the late stage. A large number of studies have shown that cellular autophagy plays an important role in the development of urological tumors, and at the same time, autophagy has both cytoprotective and cytotoxic effects on tumor therapy, so that regulating autophagy can improve the cure rate and provide a new therapeutic direction for urological tumors. In this paper, we summarize the mechanism of cellular autophagy and its role and potential therapeutic value in the development of urological tumors, and the combination of autophagy regulation and existing therapeutic modalities of urological tumors is likely to become the mainstream of the treatment of urological tumors in the future.