2024 年第 8 期 第 0 卷

2型糖尿病微血管并发症和肠道微生物群关系的研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between microvascular complications and intestinal microbiota in type 2 diabetes mellitus

作者：马如意1姚勇利2宋康2

英文作者：Ma Ruyi1 Yao Yongli2 Song Kang2

单位：1青海大学研究生院，西宁810016；2青海省人民医院内分泌科，西宁810007

英文单位：1Graduate School of Qinghai University Xining 810016 China; 2Department of Endocrinology Qinghai Provincial People′s Hospital Xining 810007 China

关键词：肠道微生物群；糖尿病微血管并发症；糖尿病肾脏病变；糖尿病视网膜病变；糖尿病周围神经病变

英文关键词：Intestinalmicrobiota;Diabeticmicrovascularcomplications;Diabetickidneydisease;Diabeticretinopathy;Diabeticperipheralneuropathy

• 摘要：

• 微血管并发症是糖尿病常见的特异性并发症，严重影响患者各脏器功能。研究表明，肠道微生物群在人体新陈代谢和免疫调节中发挥着重要作用，肠道微生物群组成的变化会导致胃肠道环境失衡，从而促进代谢产物的异常产生、炎症状态、葡萄糖代谢改变甚至胰岛素抵抗。2型糖尿病患者存在代谢紊乱和慢性炎症状态，并伴有肠道微生物群紊乱，而肠道微生物稳定群落的改变影响糖尿病微血管并发症的预后。本文总结糖尿病微血管并发症中肠道微生物群特征及发病机制，旨在为通过调节肠道微生物群来防治2型糖尿病及相关微血管并发症提供更多的理论依据。

• Microangiopathy, a common and specific complication of diabetes mellitus, significantly impairs the functioning of various organs in patients. Extensive research has demonstrated the crucial role of gut microbiota in human metabolism and immune regulation. Alterations in gut microbiota composition can disrupt the gastrointestinal environment, leading to abnormal production of metabolites, inflammatory conditions, disturbances in glucose metabolism, and even insulin resistance. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients often experience metabolic disorders and chronic inflammation accompanied by disruptions in intestinal microbiota. Changes in the stable community of intestinal microbiota have a profound impact on the prognosis of diabetic microvascular complications. This review aims to summarize the characteristics and pathogenesis of intestinal microbiota in diabetic microangiopathy, providing a solid theoretical foundation for regulating intestinal microbiota as an approach for preventing and treating T2DM and related microangiopathic conditions.