2022 年第 6 期 第 17 卷

北京市卫生系统≥60岁老年人新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗自愿接种情况及影响因素调查

Survey on voluntary vaccination situation and influencing factors of corona virus disease-19 vaccine among the elderly ≥60 years old in Beijing health system

作者：程伟1刘英1吴涛2丁丽红3马蕊4王军娜5王长月6吴玉华7杨红8

英文作者：Cheng Wei1 Liu Ying1 Wu Tao2 Ding Lihong3 Ma Rui4 Wang Junna5 Wang Changyue6 Wu Yuhua7 Yang Hong8

单位：1首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院离退休干部管理办公室，北京100029；2首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院科技处，北京100029；3首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院离退休办公室，北京101125；4北京积水潭医院离退休办公室，北京100035；5北京老年医院离退休办公室，北京100095；6首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院离退休办公室，北京100069；7首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院离退休办公室，北京100020；8首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院离退休办公室，北京100026

英文单位：1Retired Cadre Management Office Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100029 China; 2Department of Science and Technology Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100029 China; 3Retirement Office Beijing Chest Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 101125 China; 4Retirement Office Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035 China; 5Retirement Office Beijing Geriatric Hospital Beijing 100095 China; 6Retirement Office Beijing Youan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100069 China; 7Retirement Office Beijing Chao-yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100020 China; 8Retirement Office Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100026 China

关键词：新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗；自愿接种；影响因素

英文关键词：Coronavirusdisease-19vaccine;Voluntaryvaccination;Influencingfactors

• 摘要：

• 目的 了解北京市卫生系统≥60岁老年人新型冠状病毒肺炎疫苗（以下简称“新冠疫苗”）接种情况及影响因素。方法 采用多阶段分层抽样方法，从北京市卫生系统21家医院中选择7家为调查点，在知情同意的原则下对其中≥60岁的老年人（离退休职工）按照年龄构成比开展问卷调查。收集数据以例（%）描述，比较不同项目类别受调查对象疫苗接种情况，采用Logistic回归方法分析影响疫苗接种的因素。结果 回收有效问卷617份。调查对象的新冠疫苗接种率为63.9%（394/617），60～69岁、70～79岁、≥80岁年龄段的接种率分别为75.8%（257/339）、65.5%（97/148）、30.8%（40/130）。接种疫苗者轻微不良反应发生率为23.1%（91/394），严重不良反应发生率为0.3%(1/394)。Logistic回归分析结果显示年龄、基础病数量、居住区域是否组织了集中接种、是否有流感疫苗接种史对≥60岁老年人接种新冠疫苗具有显著影响（均P＜0.05）。60～79岁年龄段和≥80岁年龄段老年人未接种新冠疫苗的首位原因不同，分别是有接种禁忌和很少出门感染可能性小。结论 不同年龄段老年人新冠疫苗接种率差异较大；要提高≥60岁老年人对新冠疫苗的接种率，需针对老年人基础疾病多以及不同年龄段老年人未接种的主要原因，采取针对性的宣传动员及接种策略。

• Objective To investigate the voluntary vaccination situation and influencing factors of corona virus disease-19(COVID-19) vaccine among the elderly ≥60 years old in Beijing health system. Methods A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to select 7 out of 21 hospitals in Beijing health system as the survey points, and the elderly≥60 years old (retired workers) were surveyed according to the age composition ratio under the principle of informed consent. The data were collected and described in cases(%), the vaccination situation of respondents in different project categories was compared, and the factors affecting vaccination were analyzed by Logistic regression method. Results   Totally 617 valid questionnaires were collected. The COVID-19 vaccination rate of respondents was 63.9%（394/617）, 75.8%（257/339） for those aged 60-69, 65.5%（97/148） for those aged 70-79, and 30.8%（40/130） for those aged ≥ 80. There were 23.1%（91/394） had slight adverse reaction and 0.3%(1/394) had serious adverse reaction. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, the number of underlying diseases, whether the living area had organized mass vaccination, and whether there was a history of influenza vaccination have significant influence on the elderly ≥ 60 years old to receive COVID-19 vaccine(all P＜0.05). The top reasons for people aged 60-79 and ≥ 80 for not getting vaccinated were vaccination taboo and less likely to get infected because they rarely went out. Conclusions  There is a large difference in the vaccination rate of the elderly in different age groups. In order to improve the vaccination rates of the elderly ≥ 60 years old, it is necessary to adopt targeted publicity, mobilization and vaccination strategies for the underlying diseases of the elderly and the main causes of the elderly in different age groups not being vaccinated.