2022 年第 1 期 第 17 卷

儿童失神癫痫结构及功能磁共振成像研究进展

Research progress of structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging in childhood absence epilepsy

作者：韩菊萍黄亚锦王小倩王天成

英文作者：Han Juping Huang Yajin Wang Xiaoqian Wang Tiancheng

单位：兰州大学第二医院神经内科癫痫中心，兰州730030

英文单位：Epilepsy Center Department of Neurology Lanzhou University Second Hospital Lanzhou 730030 China

关键词：儿童失神癫痫；磁共振成像；结构；功能；脑网络

英文关键词：Childhoodabsenceepilepsy;Magneticresonanceimaging;Structure;Function;Brainnetworks 

• 摘要：

• 儿童失神癫痫（CAE）是一种常见的儿童期癫痫综合征，具有较为明显的遗传倾向。临床表现以频繁的典型失神发作为主，脑电图可观察到双侧同步对称的广泛性棘慢波放电，常规磁共振成像检查无明显异常。对于CAE发作特征及相关认知缺陷的发生机制尚不十分明确。近年来，磁共振成像技术的进步使得精确、非侵入性地探索人脑的宏观变化成为可能。利用这些技术，已经有相当多的研究记录了CAE患者大脑结构和功能的异常，这为了解CAE的病理生理机制提供了有价值的见解。本文基于磁共振成像对CAE脑结构、功能及相关脑网络的研究进展进行综述。

• Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is a common epilepsy syndrome in childhood with a relatively obvious genetic predisposition. The clinical feature is frequent and typical absence seizures. Bilateral synchronous and symmetrical extensive spike wave discharges can be observed on the electroencephalogram, and there is no obvious abnormality in conventional magnetic resonance imaging. The characteristics of CAE and the mechanism of cognitive impairment are not clear. In recent years, with the development of magnetic resonance imaging technology, it is possible to explore the macroscopic changes in human brain precisely and noninvasively. Using these techniques, a considerable number of studies have documented aberrant brain structure and function in patients with CAE, which have provided valuable insights into the pathophysiology and degenerative process of CAE. This article reviews the research progress of CAE brain structure, function and related brain networks based on magnetic resonance imaging.