2021 年第 1 期 第 16 卷

正常儿童肺功能相关指标的影响因素分析

Influencing factors analysis of pulmonary function related indexes in normal children

作者：罗淑娟徐畅杨婷饶花平

英文作者：Luo Shujuan Xu Chang Yang Ting Rao Huaping

单位：湖南省儿童医院呼吸内科，长沙410007

英文单位：Department of Respiratory Medicine Hunan Children′s Hospital Changsha 410007 China

关键词：肺功能；儿童；影响因素；身高；体质量>杨婷饶花平

英文关键词：Lungfunction;Children;Influencingfactors;Height;Weight

• 摘要：

• 目的 分析正常儿童肺功能相关指标的影响因素。方法 选取2018年7月至2019年7月湖南省儿童医院体检健康儿童255名。由本院专业人士自行设计调查问卷，记录儿童性别、年龄、身高、体质量、体重指数等。比较不同体重指数、不同性别及不同年龄段儿童肺功能相关指标用力肺活量（FVC）、第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、最大呼气流量（PEF）、最大呼气中期流量（MMEF）、用力呼出25%肺活量时的瞬间流量(FEF25%)、用力呼出50%肺活量时的瞬间流量（FEF50%）、用力呼出75%肺活量时的瞬间流量（FEF75%）水平，分析不同肺功能指标的影响因素。结果 体重指数＞14.0 kg/m2儿童FVC、FEV1、PEF、MMEF、FEF25%、FEF50%、FEF75%值高于体重指数≤14.0 kg/m2儿童（均P＜0.05）。男童FVC高于女童［（2.29±0.50）L比(2.16±0.49)L］，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。男童FEV1、PEF、MMEF、FEF25%、FEF50%、FEF75%与女童比较，差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。男、女儿童不同年龄段的FVC、FEV1、PEF、MMEF、FEF25%、FEF50%、FEF75%比较，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。身高、体质量和年龄均会影响儿童肺功能，其中身高是主要影响因素，体质量和年龄次之，其中年龄对女童肺功能影响较大。结论 儿童肺功能相关指标受身高、体质量、年龄、性别的影响，但不同肺功能指标的影响因素不同。

• Objective To analyze the influencing factors of lung function related indexes in normal children. Methods A total of 255 children who received physical examinations in Hunan Children′s Hospital from July 2018 to July 2019 were selected. The questionnaire was designed by the professionals of our hospital, mainly checking the gender, age, height, body mass and body mass index (BMI) of the children. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume (FEV1), maximal expiratory flow (PEF), maximal expiratory flow (MMEF), forced expiratory flow at 25% of FVC exhaled(FEF25%), forced expiratory flow at 50% of FVC exhaled(FEF50%) and forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC exhaled(FEF75%) were compared among children with different BMI, gender and age. The influence factors of different lung function indexes were analyzed. Results FVC, FEV1, PEF, MMEF, FEF25%, FEF50%, FEF75% in children with BMI＞14.0 kg/m2 were higher than those in children with BMI≤14.0 kg/m2(all P＜0.05). FVC of boys was higher than that of girls［（2.29±0.50）L vs (2.16±0.49)L］(P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in FEV1, PEF, MMEF, FEF25%, FEF50%, FEF75% between boys and girls (all P＞0.05). With the increasing of age, FVC, FEV1, PEF, MMEF, FEF25%, FEF50% and FEF75% of boys and girls had statistical difference (all P＜0.05). All of height, weight and age affect children′s lung function, among which height was the main influencing factor, followed by weight and age, and age had a greater impact on girls′ lung function. Conclusion The lung function related indexes of children were affected by height, weight, age and gender, but the influencing factors of different lung function indexes are different.