2020 年第 12 期 第 15 卷

没有眼健康就没有大健康——白内障防盲治盲工作对全民健康的贡献及展望

Without eye health, there is no great health—The contribution and prospect of cataract blindness prevention and treatment to national health

作者：王宁利曹凯

英文作者：Wang Ningli Cao Kai

单位：首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院北京市眼科研究所100005

英文单位：Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100005 China

关键词：全民健康；白内障；防盲治盲；白内障手术率

英文关键词：Healthforall;Cataract;Preventionandtreatmentofblindness;Cataractsurgeryrate

• 摘要：

• 白内障是我国的首位致盲眼病, 很多贫困家庭的白内障患者由于经济能力所限，不能及时手术，一拖再拖，甚至导致失明，最终导致因病致贫、因病返贫，给家庭和社会带来沉重的负担。中国共产党和中国政府对此十分重视，将白内障防治纳入国家发展规划。随着国家“视觉第一，光明行动”“光明扶贫工程”等项目的实施，我国白内障手术率（CSR）即每年每百万人口中的白内障手术数量得到了大幅提升。1987年以前我国CSR为77.6/百万人年，2000年时CSR为370/百万人年，2005年CSR为440/百万人年，2015年时为1 782/百万人年，较“十一五”末期提高了56%；2019年时，我国CSR已经超过3 000/百万人年，已提前实现了《“十三五”全国眼健康规划》和“视觉2020”的既定目标。党和政府一系列项目的实施为贫困地区白内障患者提供免费救治，为解决农村贫困人口因病致贫、因病返贫问题发挥极其重要的作用。只有全民眼健康才有全民大健康。让白内障患者重见光明对实现全民健康的目标具有极其重要的推动作用。

• Cataract is the first cause of blind eye disease in China. Due to the limited economic ability, many poor cataract patients cannot have timely surgery and delay for a long time, which even leads to blindness and eventually leads to poverty due to disease and poverty due to disease, bringing a heavy burden to the family and society. The Communist Party of China and Chinese government attach great importance to this and incorporate cataract prevention and treatment into the national development plan. With the implementation of national projects such as "Vision First, Bright Action" and "Bright Poverty Alleviation Project", cataract surgery rate in China (CSR), which is the number of cataract operations per million people per year, has been greatly increased.Before 1987, CSR in China was 77.6 per million people per year. In 2000, CSR was 370 per million people per year. In 2005, CSR was 440 per million people per year. In 2015, CSR was 1 782 per million people per year. An increase of 56% at the end of the 11th Five-Year Plan; CSR has exceeded 3 000 per million people per year in 2019, and the targets set in the "13th Five-Year Plan for National Eye Health" and "Vision 2020" have been achieved ahead of schedule. The implementation of a series of projects by the Party and the government provides free treatment for cataract patients in poverty-stricken areas, and plays an extremely important role in solving the problem of poverty caused by illness and return to poverty of the rural poor. Only the eye health of the whole people can have the great health of the whole people. Restoring sight to patients with cataracts is an important step towards achieving the goal of national health.