2020 年第 7 期 第 15 卷

新型冠状病毒肺炎轻症患者临床特征分析

Analysis of the clinical characteristics of mild patients with corona virus disease-19

作者：胡利琳1朱锐2姚琳1杨玲1

英文作者：Hu Lilin1 Zhu Rui2 Yao Lin1 Yang Ling1

单位：1华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院消化内科，武汉430022；2华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院中西医结合科，武汉430022

英文单位：1Department of Digestive Medicine Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022 China; 2Department of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022 China 

关键词：新型冠状病毒肺炎；轻症；临床特征；家庭聚集性发病

英文关键词：Coronavirusdisease-19；Mild；Clinicalcharacteristics；Familyclustering

• 摘要：

• 目的分析新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）轻症患者的临床特征，并对比家庭聚集性发病组与非家庭聚集性发病组患者的临床特征，为COVID-19的防控提供参考。方法回顾性分析武汉市江汉方舱医院2020年2月5日至2月24日119例COVID-19轻症病例（包括轻型及普通型）的临床资料，所有患者入舱时新型冠状病毒核酸检测均为阳性。按家属是否患COVID-19将所有患者分为家庭聚集性发病组和非家庭聚集性发病组，比较2组患者临床特征。结果119例患者中63.0%（75例）为女性，51～60岁年龄段患者占42.0%（50例），体重指数≥28.0 kg/m2者占9.2%（11例），62.2%（74例）的患者日常睡眠时间≤6 h，有吸烟史、饮酒史者比例均较低，分别为14.3%（17例）和8.4%（10例）。119例患者中无基础疾病者66例（55.5%），患心血管系统疾病者18例（15.1%），患消化系统疾病者14例（11.8%），患内分泌系统疾病者11例（9.2%）。轻症COVID-19起病症状主要为发热（78例，65.5%），11例（9.2%）患者无明显症状。密切接触（48例，40.3%）是主要感染途径。非家庭聚集性发病组59例（49.6%），家庭聚集性发病组60例（50.4%）。家庭聚集性发病组31～40岁年龄段占比、吸烟史比例及无症状患者占比均高于非家庭聚集性发病组［26.7%(16/60)比11.9%(7/59)、21.7%(13/60)比6.8%(4/59)、16.7%(10/60)比1.7%(1/59)］（均P＜0.05）。结论COVID-19轻型和普通型患者以健康无基础疾病的女性为主，日常睡眠不足可能是COVID-19的易感因素，关注无症状COVID-19患者可能是减少家庭聚集性发病的重要措施。

• ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical characteristics of mild patients with corona virus disease-19(COVID-19) and to compare the features of family clustering and non-family clustering. Methods  The clinical data of 119 COVID-19 mild cases (including mild and normal) from February 5 to February 24, 2020 in Jianghan module hospital of Wuhan were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were tested positive for novel coronavirus nucleic acid upon admission.All patients were divided into family clustering group and non-family clustering group according to whether their family members had COVID-19. Clinical characteristics of the 2 groups were compared. Results  Among the 119 patients with mild symptoms, 63.0% (75 cases) were female, 42.0% (50 cases) were 51 to 60 years old, 9.2% (11 cases) were obese with a body mass index ≥28.0 kg/m2, and 62.2% (74 cases) were with a sleep duration ≤6 h.The proportion of people with smoking ［14.3%(17 cases)］ and alcohol history ［8.4% (10 cases)］ were both low.Among the 119 patients, 66 cases (55.5%) had no basic disease, 18 cases (15.1%) had cardiovascular disease, 14 cases (11.8%) had digestive system disease, and 11 cases (9.2%) had endocrine system disease. The symptoms of mild COVID-19 were mainly fever (78 cases, 65.5%) and no obvious symptoms ［11 cases (9.2%)］. Close contact (48 cases, 40.3%) was the main route of infection. There were 59 cases (49.6%) in the non-family clustering group and 60 cases (50.4%) in the family clustering group. The proportion of 31-40 years old, smoking history and asymptomatic patients in the family clustering group were higher than those in the non-family clustering group［26.7%(16/60) vs 11.9%(7/59), 21.7%(13/60) vs 6.8%(4/59), 16.7%(10/60) vs 1.7%(1/59)， all P＜0.05］. Conclusions  The mild and normal COVID-19 patients are mainly healthy women without basic diseases, and lack of sleep may be a susceptible factor for COVID-19. No symptom patients should be paid attention in the family to control the family clustering infection of COVID-19.