2020 年第 8 期 第 15 卷

基于数据挖掘分析治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎不同阶段中药处方用药规律

Analyze the rule of prescription of traditional Chinese medicine in corona virus disease-19 of different stage: based on data mining

作者：张鹏葛1 王一瑞1 舒占钧2 迪力夏提·艾尼瓦尔1 李江涛1 周卫刚1

英文作者：Zhang Pengge1 Wang Yirui1 Shu Zhanjun2 Dilixiati Ainiwaer1 Li Jiangtao1 Zhou Weigang1 n>

单位：1新疆维吾尔自治区第六人民医院药学部，乌鲁木齐830013；2新疆维吾尔自治区第六人民医院感染二科，乌鲁木齐830013

英文单位：1Department of Pharmacy Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Sixth People′s Hospital Urumqi 830013 China; 2the Second Department of Infections Disease Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Sixth People′s Hospital Urumqi 830013 China

关键词：新型冠状病毒肺炎；关联规则；聚类分析

英文关键词：Coronavirusdisease-19;Associationruleanalysis;Clusteranalysis 

• 摘要：

• 目的 基于数据挖掘技术分析中医药治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)不同阶段中药处方用药规律，总结用药特点和思路，为中医药治疗提供依据。方法 检索2020年6月10日之前国家、部分省、自治区和直辖市发布的中医药治疗COVID-19诊疗方案，及中国知网、万方、维普三大数据库中药治疗COVID-19相关文献报道，通过Microsoft Excel对中药进行药类、四气五味、归经的频次统计分析，IBM SPSS 20.0进行聚类分析，IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0进行关联规则及网络视图分析，来研究治疗不同阶段核心用药规律及探讨其合理性。结果 治疗COVID-19常用中药以清热药、解表药、补虚药为主，其药物归经主要集中在肺、脾，而四气五味以温、甘、苦、寒、辛、平为主；使用高频次药物为甘草、杏仁、石膏等；初期COVID-19的核心中药：杏仁、石膏、麻黄、生薏苡仁、苍术；中期COVID-19的核心中药：杏仁、甘草、葶苈子、大黄、石膏、桃仁，恢复期COVID-19的核心中药：甘草、北沙参、麦冬、茯苓、砂仁、陈皮、党参、法半夏。结论 中药治疗初期COVID-19以化痰止咳平喘、清热泻火、发汗解表为主，中期COVID-19以化痰止咳平喘、清热解毒、补脾益气为主，恢复期COVID-19以理气开胃、健脾益肺、养阴生津为主，与病机相吻合。

• Objective To analyze the prescription rule of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） in different stages of corona virus disease-19 （COVID-19 ）treatment based on data mining. To summarize the characteristics and ideas of medication, and provide a basis for TCM. Methods Before June 10, 2020, the diagnosis and treatment plan for the treatment of COVID-19 by TCM issued by the state, some provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities was retrieved. Literature reports on TCM treatment of COVID-19 on CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases were searched. The TCM prescriptions for treatment were systematically sorted out, and the frequency statistical analysis of TCM, four natures and five flavors and menstruation were conducted through Microsoft Excel, and cluster analysis was conducted with IBM SPSS 20.0， association rules and network views were analyzed by IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0， to study the rule and rationality of core medication for COVID-19 of different stage. Results Common Chinese medicines used to treat COVID-19 were heat-clearing drugs, surface drugs and deficiency drugs. The meridian tropism of the herbs mainly focused on spleen and lung. While four natures and five flavors were the natures of warm, mild and cold, the flavors of pungent, bitter and sweet mainly. The high frequency drugs were licorice, almond, gypsum, etc. In the early stage, the core TCM were almond, gypsum, ephedra, coix seed and atractylodes rhizome. The core TCM in the middle stage were almond, glycyrrhiza, semen leiocarpa, rhubarb, gypsiana, and peach kernel. The core TCM in the recovery stage were glycyrrhiza, northern ginseng, ophane, poria cokaaba, arene, dried tangerine peel, codonopsis codonosa, and pinellia terba. Conclusions Relieving cough and relieving asthma, clearing heat and purging fire, sweating solution are commonly used in treat early COVID-19. Relieving cough and relieving asthma, detoxification, enhance spleen and gas are commonly used in treat mid-term COVID-19. Adjustment stomach and gas, enhance spleen and lung, support yin and body fluid are commonly used in treat recovery period COVID-19.