2020 年第 8 期 第 15 卷

先天性心脏病三级防治对促进全民健康助力全面小康的重要贡献

The important contribution of the tertiary prevention and treatment of congenital heart disease in national health and prosperity for all 

作者：刘迎龙 苏俊武 许耀强

英文作者：Liu Yinglong Su Junwu Xu Yaoqiang

单位：首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院小儿心脏中心100029 

英文单位：Pediatric Heart Center Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100029 China 

关键词：

英文关键词：Congenitalheartdisease;Healthforall;Prosperityforall;Tertiary 

• 摘要：

• 先天性心脏病（先心病）在我国已升至占出生缺陷第一位，已成为我国城市0～5岁婴幼儿的第一致死原因，严重影响着我国出生人口的质量和总体健康水平。每出生一个缺陷患儿其家庭都会受到精神打击，同时会面临经济压力。虽然99%的患儿完全可以通过手术得到治疗，但先心病治疗费用十分巨大，好多患儿由于得不到及时的医治可能过早逝去，或是终身被疾病折磨，给家庭和社会带来极其沉重的负担，很多家庭因病致贫或因病返贫。党和政府历来十分重视和支持先心病的防治工作，国家启动了大病专项救治工作，政府的医疗保险政策、大病统筹、国家救助及慈善组织的支持，使更多的先心病患儿得到救治。一级防治：初步了解致病因素，尝试基因诊断，降低先心病的发生率；二级防治：县二级以上医院超声科可以做到胎儿异常情况的早发现、早诊断和早干预，降低先心病患儿的出生率；三级防治：提高重症先心病患儿的治愈率，降低婴幼儿死亡率，对提高人均预期寿命做出贡献。在全国范围内建立和完善先心病三级防治网络，利于有效控制先心病，提高我国出生人口质量和全民健康素质，实现全民健康和全面小康的宏伟目标。

• Congenital heart disease (CHD) has become the leading cause of death for infants and children aged 0 to 5 years old in my country′s urban areas. 99% of the children can be treated by surgery, but the cost of treating congenital heart disease is huge. Many children may die prematurely or suffer from disease for life because they cannot get timely treatment, which brings a heavy burden to the family and society. Many families are impoverished or return to poverty due to illness. The prevention and treatment of CHD has always been attached great emphasized and supported by the party and the government. The government′s medical insurance policy, overall planning for serious diseases, state assistance and support from charitable organizations have helped more children with CHD to receive treatment. Primary prevention and treatment: preliminary understanding of pathogenic factors, try fund diagnosis to reduce the incidence of CHD; secondary prevention and treatment: the ultrasound department of hospitals at or above the county level can achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early intervention of fetal abnormalities, which can reduce the birth rate of children with CHD; tertiary prevention and treatment: improve the cure rate of children with severe CHD. The establishment and improvement of the nationwide three-level prevention and treatment network for CHD can effectively control congenital heart disease, reduce infant mortality, contribute to the improvement of life expectancy, and achieve national health.